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The brain of Australopithecus afarensis was almost the same size as that of modern humans.
Negative Reinforcer
Any unpleasant stimulus that, when removed after a response, strengthens the response, making it more likely to occur in the future.
Immediate Reinforcement
The provision of a reward directly following a desired behavior to strengthen its occurrence.
Fixed-interval Schedule
A reinforcement schedule where a reward is given for the first response after a predetermined time period has passed.
Conditioned Reinforcers
Stimuli that acquire their reinforcing power through association with primary reinforcers, playing a role in shaping behavior.
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