________ Is the Extent to Which Differences in Observed Scale

question 6

Multiple Choice

________ is the extent to which differences in observed scale scores reflect true differences among objects on the characteristics being measured,rather than systematic or random errors.

• A)Validity
• B)Generalizability
• C)Reliability
• D)None of the above

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Definitions:

Rotter's Expectancy

A theory proposed by Julian Rotter, emphasizing the role of individuals' expectations about the outcomes of their behaviors based on past experiences.

Military

Armed forces authorized by a sovereign state or international body to use lethal or non-lethal force to defend its country and interests.

Adler's Theory

Developed by Alfred Adler, focuses on the importance of feelings of inferiority—the inferiority complex—and how they drive people to strive for superiority and success.

Inferiority

A feeling of inadequacy or not measuring up to standards, often associated with a lack of self-esteem and discussed in psychological contexts like Adler's inferiority complex.