Regarding Fragile-X Syndrome

question 9

Multiple Choice

Regarding Fragile-X syndrome,

• A) the affected females have nonfunctional ovaries, and estrogen production occurs at negligible levels.
• B) the cause is trisomy, a mistake that occurs in meiosis, and affected individuals carry an extra chromosome.
• C) the phenotype is male, but the testes fail to mature so the individuals are sterile, and the breasts are slightly enlarged.
• D) the cause is a kind of chromosomal deletion known as monosomy where the phenotype is normal female.
• E) the affected individuals display mental retardation, abnormal facial development, and enlarged testes in affected males.

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Definitions:

Releasing Hormones

Hormones produced by the hypothalamus that stimulate or inhibit the release of hormones from the anterior pituitary gland.

Hypothalamus

A small region at the base of the brain responsible for hormone production and regulation of vital bodily functions, including temperature, thirst, hunger, sleep, and emotional activity.

Pituitary

A small, pea-sized gland located at the base of the brain, often termed the "master gland" because it secretes hormones that regulate other glands and many body functions including growth, reproduction, and metabolism.

Medial Forebrain Bundle

A neural pathway in the brain involved in the regulation of reward, pleasure, and addiction.