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Give the Meanings for the Following Abbreviations

question 36

Short Answer

Give the meanings for the following abbreviations.
-Na+: __________


Definitions:

Punishment

A process in behavioral psychology intended to reduce undesired behaviors by applying negative consequences.

Conditioned Stimulus

A neutral stimulus that, through its connection with an unconditioned stimulus, eventually induces a conditioned response.

Loud Noise

A type of environmental stimulus characterized by high amplitude sound waves, which can potentially cause hearing damage or stress.

Unconditioned Response

Is an automatic, natural reaction to a stimulus that occurs without prior conditioning or learning, such as salivating in response to food.

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