The Condensation of an Amine with a Ketone or Aldehyde

question 32

Essay

The condensation of an amine with a ketone or aldehyde to form an imine occurs fastest around pH 5.The rate of reaction slows as the pH increases and decreases.Explain this observation.

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Definitions:

Differential Reinforcement

A behavioral principle that involves reinforcing specific behaviors while withholding reinforcement for others, to encourage the desired behavior.

Deviant Act

Any behavior that violates the norms or expectations of a group or society, which can result in social disapproval or sanction.

Reintegrative Shaming

A concept in criminology that suggests shame can be used as a form of punishment that encourages offenders to reintegrate into society, differentiating between the act and the actor.

Stigmatizing

The act of discrediting or devaluing individuals on the basis of attributes, behaviors, or reputations that are socially disapproved or seen as undesirable.