Which One of the Following Alternatives Illustrates the Impact of an Efficacy

question 40

Multiple Choice

Which one of the following alternatives illustrates the impact of an efficacy expectation?

• A) Anita knows that her teacher will help her if she has trouble with her math problems.
• B) Brent is well aware that college admissions offices look at high school grades-but not middle school grades-when choosing students.
• C) Although Christina would like to be on the varsity softball team, she doesn't think she has sufficient talent to make the team, even with a lot of practice.
• D) David's parents must continually prod him to do his homework. Even so, he doesn't work very hard on homework assignments because he knows they won't count much toward his class grades.

---

Definitions:

Genes

Units of heredity made up of DNA that are responsible for the physical and likely some behavioral characteristics of organisms, passed from parents to offspring.

Epigenesist

A development through which organisms grow and develop, involving genetic factors but also emphasizing the role of environmental influences on gene expression.

Codominance

A genetic scenario where two alleles for a specific trait are equally expressed without blending in the phenotype of heterozygotes.

Dominance

The priority of one allele or gene over others in affecting the phenotype of an organism, or a social hierarchy where individuals of higher status have more influence.