In the Second Half of the Nineteenth Century, the Catholic

question 32

Multiple Choice

In the second half of the nineteenth century, the Catholic Church

• A)condemned "progress, " "liberalism, " and "modern civilization."
• B)allied itself politically with reactionary forces.
• C)officially adopted the doctrine of papal infallibility in matters of faith and morals.
• D)attempted to regain power it had lost as a result of the unrest of 1848.
• E)All of these.

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Definitions:

Spiritual Realm

A dimension or aspect of existence that pertains to the non-physical, often associated with religious, mystical, or supernatural phenomena.

Francis Bacon

An English philosopher and statesman who is known for developing the scientific method.

Scientific Method

A systematic procedure for acquiring knowledge that involves observation, experimentation, and the formulation of laws and theories.

Empirical Method

A way of gaining knowledge by means of direct and indirect observation or experience.