In the Preparation of Primary Amines,how Can Direct Nucleophilic Substitution

question 11

Multiple Choice

In the preparation of primary amines,how can direct nucleophilic substitution between NH₃ and alkyl halide be made more practical than reacting NH₃ and the alkyl halide in a 1:1 ratio?

• A)Use a large excess of NH₃.
• B)Use a large excess of alkyl halide.
• C)Use a limited amount of NH₃.
• D)Make the alkyl halide sterically hindered.

Identify the structures and functions related to the respiratory systems of mammals, birds, and aquatic animals.

Explain the chemical processes involved in gas exchange, including the role of enzymes and the concept of the concentration gradient.

Describe the physiological adaptations that support efficient respiration, including countercurrent exchange and the diaphragm's role in breathing.

Recognize the factors that alter breathing patterns, such as levels of carbon dioxide in the blood.

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