A Special Kind of Schema That Is Simplistic, Strongly Held

question 20

Multiple Choice

A special kind of schema that is simplistic, strongly held, and not necessarily based on firsthand experience is a ________.

• A) concept
• B) primacy effect
• C) unifying trait
• D) stereotype

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Definitions:

External Attribution

The process of assigning the cause of one's own or others' behaviors to external factors or circumstances beyond the individual's control.

Illusory Correlation

The phenomenon of perceiving a relationship between variables (typically people, events, or behaviors) even when no such relationship exists.

False Uniqueness Effect

Refers to an individual's tendency to underestimate the commonality of one's abilities and one's desirable or successful behaviors.

Self-Fulfilling Prophecy

A prediction that ensures, by the behavior it generates, that it will come true.