An Ophthalmic Examination Reveals Papilledema

question 37

Multiple Choice

An ophthalmic examination reveals papilledema. What does this finding indicate?

• A) Retinal detachment
• B) Diabetic retinopathy
• C) Acute-angle glaucoma
• D) Increased intracranial pressure

---

Definitions:

Unconditioned Response

A spontaneous, innate response to a stimulus that happens without previous learning or conditioning.

Neutral Stimulus

is a stimulus that initially produces no specific response other than focusing attention, and then becomes associated with a particular outcome through conditioning.

Classical Conditioning

A learning method where two stimuli are frequently combined; a reaction that at the beginning is evoked by the second stimulus, is later evoked by the first stimulus on its own.

Electric Shock

An abrupt discharge of electricity through a part of the body, causing injury or neurological disturbance.