Based on MacArthur and Wilson's Equilibrium Theory of Island Biogeography

question 50

Multiple Choice

Based on MacArthur and Wilson's equilibrium theory of island biogeography at Ŝ,

• A) the rate of colonization exceeds the rate of extinction.
• B) the number of species on the island stays the same though the actual species present on the island may be changing.
• C) the rate of extinction exceeds the rate of colonization.
• D) the number of species on the island stays the same and the actual species present on the island is unchanging.

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Definitions:

Reinforcement

In organizational behavior, the use of consequences to modify the occurrence and form of behavior through rewards or punishments.

Operant Conditioning

A learning process through which the strength of a behavior is modified by reinforcement or punishment.

Law of Effect

A psychological principle suggesting that behaviors followed by positive outcomes are likely to be repeated, whereas behaviors followed by negative outcomes are less likely to be repeated.

Operant Conditioning

A method of learning that employs rewards and punishments for behavior, encouraging the reinforcement of desired behaviors and the discontinuation of undesired ones.