Whitebark Pine Seeds Are Dispersed Through a Mutualism with Clark's

question 65

Multiple Choice

Whitebark pine seeds are dispersed through a mutualism with Clark's nutcracker birds. If Clark's nutcracker went extinct, what is the most likely immediate outcome for pines?

• A) increased competition between seedlings and parents
• B) increased photosynthesis by pines
• C) reduced pollination of pines
• D) reduced benefits from mycorrhizal fungi

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