In E C Tolman's Experiment, Some Rats Were Trained to Run Through

question 79

Multiple Choice

In E. C. Tolman's experiment, some rats were trained to run through mazes for standard food goals, while other rats were allowed to explore the mazes for 10 days without food goals or other rewards. Later, when food rewards were placed in a box at the far end of the maze, the previously unrewarded rats reached the food box as quickly as the rewarded rats after only one or two trials. This experiment demonstrated that the rats had the ability to form ________ of their surroundings.

• A)observational models
• B)operant chambers
• C)cognitive maps
• D)orienting reflexes

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Definitions:

Self-Actualization

The realization or fulfillment of one's talents and potentialities, considered as a drive or need present in everyone.

Drive-Reduction Theory

A theory in psychology that explains motivation as being rooted in the desire to reduce internal tensions caused by unmet biological needs.

Cognitive Developmental Theory

A psychological theory that suggests how children acquire knowledge and understanding of the world around them, often associated with Jean Piaget.

Tension Motivates

The concept that a certain level of stress or tension can drive individuals to perform better or reach their goals.