The Two Critical Elements Required to Sign the Bias of an Omitted

question 25

Multiple Choice

The two critical elements required to sign the bias of an omitted variable include the sign of the:

• A) effect of the omitted variable on the outcome and the sign of the effect of the treatment variable on the outcome.
• B) effect of the omitted variable on the outcome and the sign of the correlation between the omitted variable and the outcome.
• C) effect of the omitted variable on the outcome and the sign of the correlation between the omitted variable and the treatment.
• D) correlation between the omitted variable and the outcome and the sign of the correlation between the treatment variable and the outcome.

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Definitions:

Indigestion

A condition resulting from the difficulty in digesting food, marked by discomfort or heartburn.

Perimenopausal

The transition phase before menopause, marked by changes in menstrual cycle and symptoms like hot flashes.

Estrogen

A group of steroid hormones that play a vital role in the development and functioning of female reproductive tissues, as well as secondary sexual characteristics.

Testosterone

A steroid hormone that is the primary male sex hormone, playing key roles in the development of male reproductive tissues as well as promoting secondary sexual characteristics such as increased muscle and bone mass.