Why Is It the Case That an Instrumental Variable Is

question 14

Multiple Choice

Why is it the case that an instrumental variable is not found directly in the determining function?

• A) If an instrument is exogenous, then it has no effect on the outcome beyond those already in the determining function.
• B) If an instrument is relevant, then it has no effect on the outcome beyond those already in the determining function.
• C) If an instrument is exogenous, then it has an effect on the outcome just not a statistically significant one.
• D) If an instrument is relevant, then it has an effect on the outcome just not a statistically significant one.

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Definitions:

Instrumental Aggression

Aggressive behavior aimed at achieving a specific goal or objective, rather than stemming from anger or frustration.

Reinforcement

A process in psychological and behavioral science where a behavior becomes more likely to occur due to the consequences that follow it.

Territorial Defense

Territorial defense is the behavior exhibited by animals, including humans, to protect their territory from intruders or rivals.

Moyer

Roger Moyer, recognized for his contributions to understanding aggression through research on animals and humans, suggesting that aggression may serve various functions.