Gelso and Fretz (2001) Proposed a Three-Level Model of How

question 13

Multiple Choice

Gelso and Fretz (2001) proposed a three-level model of how research functions for counselors. Identify the third level in this model.

• A) It involves counselors being able to consume and apply research in their work with clients.
• B) It involves counselors being able to use critical thinking to develop and test hypotheses during their work with clients.
• C) It involves counselors being able to conduct empirical studies and to present the research findings.
• D) It involves counselors being able to utilize scientific thinking within their practice and research activities.

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Definitions:

Chromosomal Abnormalities

Genetic disorders caused by changes in the number or structure of chromosomes that can result in developmental issues or health problems.

Noninvasive Prenatal Testing

A medical test done during pregnancy to screen for certain genetic conditions in the fetus without harming it or the mother.

Least Intrusive

Pertaining to interventions or actions that have the minimal level of intrusion or disruption to one's life or environment.

Half-sibling Study

Research comparing the traits, behaviors, or illness rates of half-siblings to explore genetic and environmental influences.