None of the Many Shortcomings of Reconstruction Disappointed Former Slaves

question 34

Essay

None of the many shortcomings of Reconstruction disappointed former slaves more than the failure of the U.S. government to provide them with land of their own. Discuss events and legislation that occurred during the latter part of the Civil War and immediately following the Union victory (1864-65) and explain how they indicated to freedmen that the federal government intended to make some form of land ownership available to former slaves. Contrast those early promises with the realities of the later Reconstruction era, which in effect placed land ownership beyond the reach of all but a small fraction of blacks.

Identify the appropriate test to compare means from related and unrelated groups.

Understand the importance of sample size in statistical testing and its relationship with degrees of freedom.

Learn the basic formulae and calculations involved in a dependent samples t-test.

Recognize the difference between one-tailed and two-tailed tests and when to use them.

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Definitions:

National Median

The middle value in a dataset sorted in ascending order, which divides the distribution into two equal parts, commonly used in describing income or wealth.

Household Income

The combined gross income of all members of a household, which is used to determine the household's economic status.

Liberal Theories

A set of ideas in political and economic thought emphasizing freedom, democracy, and the importance of individual rights.

Black Poverty

A term referring to the disproportionately high rates of poverty among Black or African American communities.