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Jeremy has $18,000 of Section 1231 gains and $23,000 of Section 1231 losses. The gains and losses are characterized as
Economies of Scale
Cost advantages reaped by companies when production becomes efficient, as the cost per unit of output decreases with increasing scale.
Specialization of Labor
The division of labor where individuals focus on a limited scope of tasks or skills, leading to increased efficiency and productivity.
Average Fixed Costs
The fixed costs of production (costs that do not vary with the level of output) divided by the quantity of output produced.
Output
Output is the total amount of goods or services produced by a person, machine, business, or country.
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