Are the Following Transactions Included in the Calculation of the GDP

question 54

Essay

Are the following transactions included in the calculation of the GDP? Why?
a. books you buy from the university bookstore
b. purchase of government bonds
c. writing a cheque to your dentist for his services
d. purchase by a car manufacturer of tyres for the produced vehicles

Identify the impacts of prenatal exposure to drugs, alcohol, and environmental toxins on cognitive and behavioral development in children.

Recognize the methodological challenges in studying the effects of prenatal exposure to substances.

Explain how prenatal exposure to substances influences postnatal development, including behavioral and cognitive functions.

Understand the role of genetic and environmental factors, including exposure to toxins and paternal factors, in prenatal development.