Suppose the Economy Is Initially in Long-Run Equilibrium

question 59

Multiple Choice

Suppose the economy is initially in long-run equilibrium. Now suppose oil prices rise sharply and at the same time, policymakers pursue expansionary monetary and fiscal policies. Which of the following will occur as a result of these two events?

• A) The price level will necessarily rise but the effect on output is indeterminate.
• B) Real GDP must necessarily fall but the effect on the price level is indeterminate.
• C) The price level and real GDP must rise.
• D) The price level must rise and real GDP must fall.

---

Definitions:

Marginal Revenue

The increased income derived from the sale of one extra unit of a good or service.

Marginal Cost

The change in total cost that arises when the quantity produced is incremented by one unit.

MC > MR

A condition where Marginal Cost (MC) is greater than Marginal Revenue (MR), suggesting that producing additional units of a good will not increase profits and may reduce them.

Profit

The financial gain realized when the revenue generated from a business activity exceeds the expenses, costs, and taxes involved in sustaining the activity.