Which of the Following Principles Is Used to Improve the Efficiency

question 3

Multiple Choice

Which of the following principles is used to improve the efficiency of I/O?

• A) Reduce the number of times that data must be copied in memory while passing between device and application.
• B) Move processing primitives into hardware, to allow their operation in device controllers to be concurrent with CPU and bus operation.
• C) Increase concurrency by using DMA-knowledgeable controllers or channels to offload simple data copying from the CPU. 

• D) All of the above.

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