Fill in the Blanks

question 13

Essay

Fill in the blanks
In a _____1____-control study affected individuals ( ___1___ ) are compared with control subjects that are suitably ___2___ to the ____1___ with regard to age, sex and so on. In genetic studies of complex diseases the ___1___ and controls are genotyped for genetic ___3____ in the hope of identifying ___3____ that may confer significantly increased disease risk ( ____4____ ___5____ ) or significantly reduced disease risk ( ____6____ ____5____ ). A popular way of assessing the data is to calculate an ___7___ ___8_____, that is the ___7____ of being affected if the genetic ____3____ is present divided by the odds of being affected if the genetic ____3____ is absent.

---

Definitions:

Malnutrition

A condition that results from eating a diet in which certain nutrients are lacking, in excess (too high an intake), or in the wrong proportions.

Weather-related deaths

Fatalities resulting directly or indirectly from weather events, such as storms, heatwaves, floods, or extreme cold.

Epidemiological transition

The process by which the pattern of mortality and disease in a population shifts from infectious and acute disorders to chronic and degenerative diseases.

Migration patterns

The trends or movements of groups of people or animals from one location to another, often studied to understand reasons behind the movements and implications for both origin and destination areas.