The Ability to Work Intellectually in the Past, Present, and Future

question 92

Multiple Choice

The ability to work intellectually in the past, present, and future is accomplished by individuals in Piaget's

• A) formal operations stage.
• B) concrete operations stage.
• C) conservation tasks.
• D) preoperational stage.

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Definitions:

Volunteer Bias

A shortcoming of findings derived from a sample of volunteers instead of a representative sample; the volunteers may differ from those who did not volunteer.

Experimenter's Bias

A form of bias introduced by the experimenter whose expectations about the outcome of the experiment can be subtly communicated to the participants.

Confirmation Bias

The tendency to search for, interpret, favor, and recall information in a way that confirms one's preexisting beliefs or hypotheses.

Systematic Bias

A consistent and pervasive error in judgment or procedure that leads to inaccurate conclusions or assessments, often resulting from a particular perspective or methodology.