New Anatomical Traits Typically Arise by Modification of Existing Structures

question 73

Essay

New anatomical traits typically arise by modification of existing structures. This process constrains animal body plans and can produce structures with less than optimal function. Use an example of wings to demonstrate this point.

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Definitions:

Left Hemisphere

The left side of the human brain, associated with analytical thought processes, language, and logic.

Frontal Lobes

Regions of the cerebral cortex at the front of the brain; these regions are important for movement and complex processes (rational thought, attention, social processes, etc.).

Amygdala

A region of the brain involved in experiencing emotions, particularly fear, and processing emotional memories.

Somatic Nervous System

A subdivision of the peripheral nervous system (PNS); it transmits sensory signals and motor signals back and forth between the central nervous system (CNS) and the skin, muscles, and joints.