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Observations indicate that galaxies arose from the splitting of large gas clouds into smaller gas clouds.
CO2
A greenhouse gas present in the Earth's atmosphere, consisting of two oxygen atoms covalently bonded to a single carbon atom, vital for life processes like photosynthesis.
Phosphofructokinase
An enzyme that plays a critical role in regulating the rate of glycolysis, controlling the conversion of fructose 6-phosphate to fructose 1,6-bisphosphate.
ATP Levels
The concentration of adenosine triphosphate, a molecule that carries energy within cells, facilitating metabolic processes.
Electron Transport Chain
A series of complexes that transfer electrons from electron donors to electron acceptors via redox (reduction and oxidation) reactions, and the transfer of electrons is coupled with the transfer of protons (H+ ions) across a membrane, which generates ATP.
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