A 24-Year-Old Male Arrives at the Emergency Department Via Air

question 46

Multiple Choice

A 24-year-old male arrives at the emergency department via air transport after sustaining a fall while rock climbing. The patient is unresponsive with sluggishly reactive pupils upon arrival. His right arm and bilateral lower extremities have obvious fractures. He was intubated by EMS and requires mechanical ventilation. A CT scan reveals multiple head bleeds and intracranial swelling with a midline shift. The patient is rushed to surgery with the plan to relieve the pressure of the intracranial swelling.
-The physician orders administration of an intravenous osmotic diuretic as the patient is en route to surgery.As the RN,you are familiar with the action of the drug,which increases the osmolality of the blood.Which of the following do you anticipate as the physiologic response to the administration of this medication?  

• A)Decreased extravascular volume and increased intravascular volume
• B)Decreased extravascular volume and decreased intravascular volume
• C)Increased extravascular volume and increased intravascular volume
• D)Increased extravascular volume and decreased intravascular volume

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Definitions:

Need-Based Theory

A psychological theory suggesting that motivation is driven by an individual's desire to fulfill unmet needs.

Extrinsic Motivation

Motivation that is driven by external rewards such as money, fame, grades, or praise.

Reinforcement Theory

A psychological theory suggesting that behavior is driven by its consequences, reinforcing desirable behaviors while discouraging undesirable ones.

Orienting Reflex

The instinctual reaction of an organism to a novel stimulus, often involving attention redirection towards the source of the stimulus.