According to a Study by Kulik and Mahler in 1987

question 16

Multiple Choice

According to a study by Kulik and Mahler in 1987, cardiac patients about to undergo surgery showed benefits when they specifically had a post-operative patient as a roommate. This could be in part due to the fact that

• A) they were able to obtain information about what to expect after surgery.
• B) they were relieved to see that their roommate survived the surgery.
• C) they were able to obtain information about what to expect after surgery and were relieved to see that their roommate survived the surgery.
• D) they had someone to talk to during non-visiting hours.
• E) they got control of the television remote control, which is highly correlated to blood pressure.

Discuss the role of social comparison and peer evaluation in developing self-esteem and self-concept.

Identify the effects of cognitive and physical abilities on children's self-esteem.

Understand the relationship between self-concept, self-esteem, and mastering culturally valued tasks.

Comprehend how mindset (growth vs. fixed) influences a child’s learning and achievement orientation.

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Definitions:

Rank-Order

A method of arranging data points based on their relative position or value in ascending or descending order.

α

Represents the level of significance in statistical hypothesis testing, commonly set at 0.05, indicating the probability of rejecting the null hypothesis when it is true.

P Value

The probability of obtaining test results at least as extreme as the observed results, assuming that the null hypothesis is correct.

Sample Size

The number of observations or data points collected in a study from which conclusions can be drawn.