Studies Evaluating the Effectiveness of Prochaska Et Al

question 15

Multiple Choice

Studies evaluating the effectiveness of Prochaska et al.'s (1992) transtheoretical model of behavioural change indicate that

• A) interventions matched to the stage that an individual is in are more successful than those more appropriate for other stages.
• B) interventions that teach skills relevant to action and behaviour maintenance have little effect on individual motivation.
• C) the media has even less of an effect on an individual's health behaviours than previously thought.
• D) its applications have shown mixed success.
• E) its applications have been shown to be extremely useful.

Explain Maslow's hierarchy of needs and identify examples of behaviors motivated by different levels of needs within the hierarchy.

Recognize the role of cultural and personal experiences in shaping what motivates individuals.

Assess the criticisms of motivational theories and their cultural and individual variations.

Understand the cultural and strategic significance of the St. Louis World's Fair within the context of American imperialism.

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Definitions:

Defense Mechanisms

Psychological strategies adopted by individuals unconsciously to protect themselves from anxiety or unacceptable thoughts and feelings.

Stages of Development

Theoretical milestones of human growth and development, often pertaining to psychological and physiological changes.

Reaction Formation

A defense mechanism where an individual behaves in a manner opposite to their actual feelings or desires, often due to guilt or fear.

Defense Mechanism

Psychological strategies brought into play by individuals to cope with reality and maintain a self-image, often unconsciously to avoid distressing feelings or thoughts.