Systems Theory Assumes a Principle of Hierarchical Organization

question 11

Multiple Choice

Systems theory assumes a principle of hierarchical organization. This implies that

• A) changes in any one level will affect all other levels of the system.
• B) only changes in the highest level will affect all levels of the system.
• C) changes in one level will affect only lower levels of the system.
• D) changes in intermediate levels have the most profound impacts.
• E) an aberration in one level will cause a demise of the system.

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Definitions:

Crystal

A solid material whose atoms are arranged in highly ordered, repeating patterns extending in all three spatial dimensions.

Cleavage

The tendency of a mineral to break along flat planar surfaces as determined by the mineral’s crystal structure, often enhancing its gem quality.

Atoms

The basic units of matter consisting of a nucleus surrounded by electrons, making up all chemical elements.

Lattice

A regular, repeated three-dimensional arrangement of atoms, ions, or molecules in a metal or other crystalline solid.