Which of the Following Statements BEST Illustrates the Concept of Covariance

question 118

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements BEST illustrates the concept of covariance?

• A) "People with above-average intelligence vote more often than the average voter."
• B) "The decision was made to reject the null hypothesis."
• C) "The sample mean is significantly different from the population mean."
• D) "Men are smarter than women."

---

Definitions:

Neutral Stimulus

A stimulus that initially produces no specific response other than focusing attention.

Condition

A broad term that can refer to the state of something, especially in terms of its appearance, quality, or working order; in psychology, it relates to the state of learning or being under specific conditions.

Galvanic Skin Response

A physiological reaction where the conductivity of the skin changes in response to stress or emotional arousal.

Excitation Gradient

A concept in psycho-physiology referring to the increase in neuronal activity leading up to the initiation of a response.