________ Variances Are Calculated by Comparing the Master Budget to the Flexible

question 23

Multiple Choice

________ variances are calculated by comparing the master budget to the flexible budget,and ________ variances are calculated by comparing actual costs to the flexible budget (not the master budget) .

• A)Volume;volume
• B)Volume;spending
• C)Spending;volume
• D)Spending;spending

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Definitions:

Valence

In psychology, the intrinsic attractiveness or averseness of an event, object, or situation, often related to the anticipated satisfaction from an outcome.

Expectancy

In the context of motivational theories, the belief or perception that one's effort will result in attainment of desired performance goals.

Instrumentality

A perception or belief about the degree to which performance leads to the attainment of outcomes or rewards.

Probability

A measure of the likelihood that a particular event will occur, expressed as a number between 0 and 1, where 1 represents certainty.