Seligman (1974)attributes Depressive Disorders to

question 53

Multiple Choice

Seligman (1974) attributes depressive disorders to

• A) the cognitive factor of learned helplessness.
• B) an optimistic explanatory style vulnerability.
• C) self-rumination.
• D) a causal link with explanatory style.

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Definitions:

Auditory Stimuli

Sounds or noises that initiate a response or reaction in the listener.

Effortful Processing

A type of information processing in the brain that requires a conscious effort and attention, unlike automatic processes.

Automatic Processing

Cognitive operations that occur without conscious thought, often quickly and effortlessly, such as recognizing faces or understanding words.

Incidental Information

Information that is not essential or central but may be encountered or learned by chance.