Determine Whether the Argument in the Problem Below Is Valid

question 42

Short Answer

Determine whether the argument in the problem below is valid or invalid. If valid, name the type of reasoning and if invalid, determine the error in reasoning.
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If a² is odd, then a must be odd.
a is even.
Therefore, a² is even.
Assume that if a number is even, then it is not odd.

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Definitions:

F-Ratio

The ratio used in analysis of variance (ANOVA) to compare the variance between groups to the variance within groups.

Main Effect

The main effect is the impact of an independent variable on a dependent variable in a statistical model, ignoring other variables' influences.

Factor A

Factor A is often used in experimental design to represent one of the independent variables being tested for its effect on a dependent variable.

Reject

In statistical analysis, to refuse to accept a null hypothesis, based on the outcome of a test showing that observed data is unlikely under the hypothesis.