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A Fair Apportionment of Dividing a Leftover Piece of Cake

question 36

Multiple Choice

A fair apportionment of dividing a leftover piece of cake between two children is to let child #1 cut the cake into two pieces and then to let child #2 pick which piece he or she wants. Consider the following apportionment of dividing the leftover piece of cake among three children. Let the first child cut the cake into two pieces. Then the second child is permitted to cut one of those pieces into two parts. Child #3 can select any of the pieces, followed by child #1 selecting one of the remaining pieces, followed by child #2 who gets the remaining piece. Is this allocation process fair if each child's goal is to maximize the size of his or her own piece of cake? ​

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Definitions:

Ultimate-level Explanation

An analysis that addresses the evolutionary "why" behind behaviors or traits, focusing on their role in survival and reproduction.

Noctuid Moths

A family of moths, many of which are nocturnal, with species that vary widely in behavior and habitat but often have dull colored wings for camouflage.

Evolutionary Arms Race

A cycle of adaptations and counter-adaptations occurring between competing species or between predators and their prey.

Natural Selection

The process by which heritable traits that confer a survival and reproductive advantage increase in frequency in a population, leading to evolutionary change.

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