If a Portion of the Pancreas Is Surgically Removed from a Rat

question 18

Multiple Choice

If a portion of the pancreas is surgically removed from a rat and the rat subsequently loses its appetite, one explanation is that the removed portion contains cells that secrete a chemical signal that somehow stimulates appetite. Given this scenario, what type of chemical signalling is occurring?

• A) autocrine
• B) endocrine
• C) paracrine
• D) neuroendocrine

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Definitions:

Conditioned Stimulus

A previously neutral stimulus that, after being paired with an unconditioned stimulus, comes to trigger a conditioned response.

Unwanted Conditioned Response

A learned response that is undesirable or negative, which occurs after conditioning to an initially neutral stimulus.

Systematic Desensitization

A behavioral therapy technique used to reduce phobic responses and anxiety through gradual exposure to the feared object or situation combined with relaxation exercises.

Counterconditioning

A behavior therapy technique where a positive response is conditioned to replace a negative or undesirable response to a stimulus.