Use the Following Information When Answering the Corresponding Questions)

question 35

Multiple Choice

Use the following information when answering the corresponding questions) .
Shuichi Nakano reported in Science in February 2000 that, "The RNA enzyme ribozyme) from hepatitis delta virus catalyzes self- cleavage of a . . . [chemical] . . . bond." This reaction is inherently slow due to the formation of an unfavorable negative charge on the ribozyme. The author goes on to show that this self- cleavage is made faster by joining it with an acid- base reaction that neutralizes the negative charge. Nakano's model describes a positively charged cytosine base on the ribozyme acting as the acid, and magnesium hydroxide acting as the base. Specifically, the cytosine donates its proton H+) to neutralize the unstable negative charge that would have formed on the ribozyme.
-Which of the following chemical bonds do you think Nakano is referring to in his quote?

• A) peptide
• B) ionic
• C) glycosidic
• D) phosphodiester

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Definitions:

Inactivation

A process by which a substance, cell activity, or biological pathway is made less active or deactivated.

Amylase

An enzyme found in saliva and pancreatic fluid that converts starch and glycogen into simple sugars, aiding in digestion.

pH

A measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a solution, determined by the concentration of hydrogen ions, with lower values being more acidic and higher values more alkaline.

Chemical Digestion

The breakdown of food into smaller molecules, facilitated by enzymes, so they can be absorbed by the body.