A Small Number of Birds Arrive on an Island from a Neighboring

question 18

Multiple Choice

A small number of birds arrive on an island from a neighboring larger island. This small population begins to adapt to the new food plants available on the island, and their beaks begin to change. About twice a year, one or two more birds from the neighboring island arrive. What effect do these new arrivals have?

• A) Their arrival tends to slow adaptation to the new food plants.
• B) Their arrival represents a colonizing event.
• C) Their arrival tends to promote adaptation to the new food plants.
• D) Their arrival speeds the process of speciation.

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Definitions:

DRO

A behavior modification strategy that involves delivering reinforcement only when a specific undesired behavior has not occurred during a designated period.

DRA

Differential Reinforcement of Alternative behavior, a technique used to encourage positive behaviors while extinguishing undesired ones by reinforcing an alternative action.

DRO Reset Schedule

A DRO schedule that involves resetting the interval every time the inappropriate target behavior occurs.

Reinforcement

In behavioral psychology, a process by which a behavior is strengthened or increased through the addition of a stimulus following the behavior.