Use the Following Information When Answering the Corresponding Questions)

question 28

Multiple Choice

Use the following information when answering the corresponding questions) .
A group of enzymes known as cytosine- specific DNA methylases recognize CpG dinucleotide sequences-that is, a cytosine followed by a guanosine G) in one DNA strand-and add methyl groups to the cytosine. Many proteins bind to methylated CpG, including the methyl- CpG binding protein 2 MeCP2) . MeCP2 binding leads to the formation of a closed state of chromatin, thus silencing gene expression. A recent paper by Chen et al. reported an interesting mechanism of regulating transcription of a gene via MeCP2 W. Chen, Q. Chang, Y. Lin, A. Meissner, A. E. West, E. C. Griffith, R. Jaenish, and M. Greenberg. 2004. Derepression of BDNF transcription involves calcium- dependent phosphorylation of MeCP2, Science 302:885-89) . This gene, called BDNF, encodes brain- derived neurotrophic factor BDNF) -a protein that plays an important role in nerve cell and central nervous system function, including memory and learning. Remarkably, most cases of Rett syndrome, an important cause of mental retardation in females, are due to loss- of- function mutations of MeCP2.
-A patient is undergoing genetic screening for cancer. The results show the patient has many proto- oncogenes. Based on this information only, which of the following statements is correct regarding the probability that this patient will develop cancer in the very near future?

• A) The chances are low because the patient would have to show an increased number of oncogenes.
• B) The chances are high because the patient most likely also shows an increase in the number of tumor suppressors.
• C) Due to the increased number of proto- oncogenes, the chances are high.

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Definitions:

Break-even

The point at which total costs and total revenue are equal, indicating that a business makes neither a profit nor a loss.

Sales Dollars

The total revenue generated from goods or services sold by a company, measured in dollar terms.

Common Fixed Expenses

Expenses that remain constant for a business across different projects, products, or divisions and do not change with the level of production or sales.

Segmented Income Statement

A financial statement that breaks down revenues, cost of goods sold, and expenses by different segments of a business, such as product lines or geographical areas.