Once Researchers Understood That Chromosomes Are Moved by the Spindle

question 8

Multiple Choice

Once researchers understood that chromosomes are moved by the spindle microtubules, the next question they wanted to answer is how the microtubules function to bring about this process. They used fluorescent labels to make the chromosomes and the microtubular structures fluoresce. When anaphase began centromeres split) , they photobleached a section of microtubules. As chromosomes moved toward the poles of the daughter cells, the photobleached sections of the microtubules remained stationary. This result suggests that

• A) the microtubules elongate and shorten at the centrosome end.
• B) the microtubules elongate and shorten at their kinetochore end.
• C) the microtubules are of constant length; centrosomes move farther apart to separate chromosomes.
• D) the microtubules overlap and slide with respect to each other, effectively shortening the microtubules without depolymerizing the actual fiber.

---

Definitions:

Federal Government

The central government of a federation, which has specific powers delegated to it by the constitutions or foundational agreements of the member states.

International Labor Organization

A United Nations agency focused on promoting rights at work, encouraging decent employment opportunities, enhancing social protection, and strengthening dialogue on work-related issues.

National Labor Federation

A collective organization that represents trade unions and labor interests at the national level, often involved in policy advocacy and labor rights protection.

Union Avoidance

involves strategies and practices employed by employers to prevent their workforce from unionizing, focusing on maintaining direct communication with employees.