TABLE 11-5
A physician and president of a Tampa Health Maintenance Organization (HMO) are attempting to show the benefits of managed health care to an insurance company. The physician believes that certain types of doctors are more cost-effective than others. One theory is that Primary Specialty is an important factor in measuring the cost-effectiveness of physicians. To investigate this, the president obtained independent random samples of 20 HMO physicians from each of 4 primary specialties - General Practice (GP) , Internal Medicine (IM) , Pediatrics (PED) , and Family Physicians (FP) - and recorded the total charges per member per month for each. A second factor which the president believes influences total charges per member per month is whether the doctor is a foreign or USA medical school graduate. The president theorizes that foreign graduates will have higher mean charges than USA graduates. To investigate this, the president also collected data on 20 foreign medical school graduates in each of the 4 primary specialty types described above. So information on charges for 40 doctors (20 foreign and 20 USA medical school graduates) was obtained for each of the 4 specialties. The results for the ANOVA are summarized in the following table:
-Referring to Table 11-5, what degrees of freedom should be used to determine the critical value of the F ratio against which to test for differences between the mean charges of foreign and USA medical school graduates?
Definitions:
Stockholders
Individuals or entities that own one or more shares of stock in a corporation, making them partial owners of the company.
Operating Activities
Business activities directly related to producing and delivering goods and services, affecting a company's cash flow.
Cash Flows
The overall volume of cash inflows and outflows within a corporation, significantly affecting its liquid assets.
Operating Activities
The day-to-day actions that are involved in running a business, such as buying, selling, and producing goods or services.
Q10: Referring to Table 13-5, the standard error
Q18: Referring to Table 12-12, if there is
Q40: Referring to Table 13-9, the 90% confidence
Q52: Referring to Table 10-6, the p-value for
Q67: Referring to Table 8-1, this confidence interval
Q92: Referring to Table 13-4, the managers of
Q130: When the parametric assumption on the distribution
Q154: Referring to Table 12-16, to use the
Q162: When testing H<sub>0</sub> : π<sub>1</sub> - π<sub>2</sub>
Q173: The McNemar test is used to determine