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Niya Contracts HIV as a Result of Having Sexual Intercourse

question 8

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Niya contracts HIV as a result of having sexual intercourse with her boyfriend who is infected with HIV. She gets pregnant, and months later, she gives birth to a healthy baby boy. Given that her baby has not contracted HIV yet, which of the following must she do in order to ensure that her baby is HIV-free?

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Definitions:

Second Messengers

Intracellular signaling molecules released by the cell in response to exposure to extracellular signaling molecules.

Neural Transmission

The process by which nerve cells (neurons) communicate with each other by transmitting chemical and electrical signals across synapses.

Ionotropic Receptors

These are a type of neurotransmitter receptor that forms an ion channel pore, rapidly changing the ion permeability of the cell membrane upon ligand binding.

Metabotropic Receptors

A type of G protein-coupled receptor in the cell membrane that initiates a cascade of cellular responses when bound to a neurotransmitter.

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