Please Use the Following Information to Answer the Questions Below

question 11

Multiple Choice

Please use the following information to answer the questions below.
Placozoan evolutionary relationships to other animals are currently unclear,and different phylogenies can be created,depending on the characters used to infer relatedness.Placozoans are multicellular invertebrates with a simple structure of only two tissue layers and only four cell types.They have the smallest amount of DNA measured in any animal.In comparison,sponges have no tissues but about 20 cell types.One species of placozoans,Tp (Trichoplax adhaerens) ,produces a neuropeptide almost identical to one found in cnidarians.The genome of Tp,although the smallest of any known animal,shares many features of complex eumetazoan (even human!) genomes.The next three questions refer to the phylogenetic trees that follow.In the trees,the outgroup is a taxon that is outside the group of interest;members of the group of interest are more closely related to one another than to the outgroup.

-Which tree(s) has (have) been created by emphasizing genomic features of placozoans?

• A)I only
• B)II only
• C)III only
• D)I and II

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Definitions:

Cyclohexane

A saturated hydrocarbon with the formula C6H12, featuring a ring structure of six carbon atoms.

Axial

"Axial" refers to positions or orientations along the axis of a molecule, usually in cyclic compounds, opposed to equatorial positions which are off the axis.

Equatorial

Referring to the position of substituents in a cyclohexane ring, where they are oriented parallel to the equator of the molecule, leading to less steric strain.

DEPT-135

A specialized NMR spectroscopy technique used to differentiate between CH, CH2, and CH3 groups in molecules.