If Cetaceans Are Determined to Have Diverged from the Lineage

question 68

Multiple Choice

If cetaceans are determined to have diverged from the lineage leading to the artiodactyls before the divergence of lineages leading to the modern artiodactyls (including hippos) ,then the cetaceans can be considered
1) a sister order to the order Artiodactyla.
2) an ingroup of the order Artiodactyla.
3) the common ancestor of the order Artiodactyla.

• A)1 only
• B)3 only
• C)1 and 2
• D)1 and 3

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Definitions:

Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test

The Wilcoxon signed rank test is a nonparametric statistical test used to compare the median of two related samples to determine if there are significant differences between them.

P-Value

The probability of observing a test statistic as extreme as, or more extreme than, the observed value under the assumption that the null hypothesis is true.

Kruskal-Wallis Test

A nonparametric statistical test that assesses whether there are statistically significant differences between two or more groups of an independent variable on a continuous or ordinal dependent variable.

Kruskal-Wallis H Test

A nonparametric statistical test designed to assess whether there's a significant difference between two or more groups related to an independent variable, with respect to a continuous or ordinal dependent variable.