An Instrumentation Effect Occurs When

question 31

Multiple Choice

An instrumentation effect occurs when

• A)the instrument employed for the pretest has an effect that shows up on the posttest.
• B)the measurement instrument is changed from the pretest to the posttest.
• C)there is a change on the dependent variable from the pretest score to the posttest score.
• D)all of these.

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Definitions:

Lethal Force

The use of force that is likely to cause death or serious bodily harm, typically involving firearms or other deadly weapons.

Excessive Force

The application of force in a manner that is more than necessary or reasonable in the context of law enforcement or security.

Personal Safety

The state of being free from danger or threat to an individual’s physical well-being.

Miami-Dade Police Department

The law enforcement agency responsible for serving Miami-Dade County in Florida, known for ensuring public safety and enforcing laws.