Match Each Description with the Item Below

question 18

Multiple Choice

Match each description with the item below.
-James
A. Garfield

• A)was a government employee who had worked his way out of poverty and became chief spokesperson for reform Darwinism
• B)wrote On the Origin of Species and demonstrated the impact of the concept known as "natural selection"
• C)was inaugurated as president at a time of economic recovery in part due to inflation following a depression
• D)was a New York City painter known for his "spectatorial sensibility," observing the lives of others on the street and through windows
• E)was a president who supported the Half-Breeds, gave an inaugural address passionately defending civil rights, and opposed labor unions and the women's vote
• F)was a fiery, evangelical moralist who believed that allowing the masses to become prosperous would benefit every class
• G)distanced himself as president from the Stalwarts, surprised many by becoming a civil service reformer, and contracted a kidney disease while in office
• H)led march on Washington, D.C., to demand that the federal government provide jobs for the unemployed
• I)was part of the Department of Agriculture and founded the Grange following a tour of the southern United States
• J)was an attorney and charismatic speaker for the farm protest movement who believed the two political parties were dishonest

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Definitions:

Marginal Utility

The extra pleasure or benefit gained from using one more unit of a product or service.

Utilitarian Justice

A principle focusing on the greatest happiness or benefit for the greatest number of people as the measure of what is just.

Rawlsian Justice

A theory of justice developed by John Rawls that emphasizes equal basic rights, equality of opportunity, and the promotion of the interests of the least advantaged members of society.

Social Contract

A theory or model that explains the origin of society and government as an implicit agreement among individuals to ensure collective security and welfare.