Analyses of the Effectiveness of Coping Strategies in Managing the Stress

question 15

Multiple Choice

Analyses of the effectiveness of coping strategies in managing the stress associated with chronic illness conclude that

• A) confrontative coping is associated with better adjustment than the use of multiple coping strategies.
• B) the coping strategies used by chronically ill patients are significantly different from the strategies observed in healthy samples.
• C) avoidant coping is associated with reduced psychological distress and better psychological adjustment.
• D) active coping is more consistently associated with good adjustment.
• E) vigilant coping is associated with reduced psychological distress over the long-term.

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Definitions:

Gold Star

A symbol of commendation or recognition for outstanding achievement or quality.

Primary Reinforcer

A stimulus that satisfies basic survival needs and is inherently rewarding, such as food, water, or shelter, which does not require learning to be effective.

Secondary Reinforcer

A conditioned reinforcer that gains its reinforcing power through its association with a primary reinforcer; examples include money, grades, or tokens.

Variable Interval

A schedule of reinforcement where a response is rewarded after an unpredictable amount of time has passed, making it a powerful tool in the study of operant conditioning.