Systems Theory Assumes a Principle of Hierarchical Organization

question 29

Multiple Choice

Systems theory assumes a principle of hierarchical organization. This implies that

• A) changes in intermediate levels have the most profound impacts.
• B) changes in any one level will affect all other levels of the system.
• C) only changes in the highest level will affect all levels of the system.
• D) changes in one level will affect only lower levels of the system.
• E) an aberration in one level will cause a demise of the system.

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Definitions:

3*IQR

A metric used in statistics to identify potential outliers, calculated as three times the interquartile range.

Extreme

Refers to values in a data set that are significantly higher or lower than the majority of the values.

Mild

Describes something that is gentle or not severe in effect or degree.

Contingency Table

A table used in statistics to display the frequency distribution of variables, showing the number of observations for each combination of two categorical variables.