Using the Notation P_t to Designate This Periodʹs Price Level

question 318

Multiple Choice

Using the notation P_t to designate this periodʹs price level and P_t-1 to designate last periodʹs price level, the formula for measuring the inflation rate from last period to this period is

• A) [P_t-1 - P_t) / P_t] × 100.
• B) [P_t - P_t-1) / P_t] × 100.
• C) [P_t - P_t-1) / P_t-1] × 100.
• D) [P_t-1 - P_t) / P_t-1] × 100.

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Definitions:

Organizational Citizenship Behavior

encompasses voluntary employee actions that are not directly recognized by the formal reward system but contribute to organizational effectiveness.

Deficiency Needs

In Maslow's hierarchy of needs, these are the basic requirements for human survival and psychological well-being, such as food, safety, and belonging.

Security Needs

Basic human requirements for safety and security, covering physical safety, employment, resources, health, and property, among others, following Maslow's hierarchy of needs.

Hygiene Factors

Elements of the work environment that are related to job satisfaction, which, when absent, can lead to dissatisfaction but, when present, do not necessarily motivate employees.