Although the Clinical Efficacy Axis Is Concerned with Research Settings

question 14

Multiple Choice

Although the clinical efficacy axis is concerned with research settings, the clinical utility axis is concerned with

• A) effectiveness of the intervention in clinical practice.
• B) feasibility and cost-effectiveness.
• C) both of these.
• D) neither of these.

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Definitions:

Primary Reinforcement

A stimulus that satisfies basic survival needs and is inherently rewarding, such as food, water, or warmth, used in behavioral conditioning.

Negative Reinforcer

A stimulus whose removal or avoidance following a behavior increases the likelihood of that behavior occurring again in the future.

Conditioned Stimulus

A formerly neutral signal that, once it is linked with an unconditioned stimulus, ultimately evokes a conditioned response.

Unconditioned Stimulus

In classical conditioning, a stimulus that naturally and automatically triggers a response without any prior learning.