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When All the Possible Sample Pairs Have Been Selected from a Single

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When all the possible sample pairs have been selected from a single population, the mean of the distribution of differences is expected to approximate zero.


Definitions:

Indicator Species

Organisms used as a sign or measure of the environmental conditions or changes in an ecosystem because of their sensitivity to such conditions.

Endemic Species

Species that are native to a specific geographical area and are not naturally found anywhere else.

Keystone Species

A species crucial for the stability of an ecological community, influencing numerous other organisms within the ecosystem.

Coevolution

The process by which two or more species evolve in response to each other, often developing mutualistic or predator-prey relationships.

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